Centrifugal casting involves injecting liquid metal into a high-speed rotating mold so that the liquid metal undergoes centrifugal movement to fill the mold and form a casting. Centrifugal casting can be classified into horizontal centrifugal casting and vertical centrifugal casting. By means of centrifugal casting, hollow cylinder, ring castings and cast pipes are produced with high production efficiency, low production cost and fine casting structure. Compared with horizontal centrifugal casting, vertical centrifugal casting has the advantages of a small footprint, convenient operation, good material applicability and high process flexibility. Vertical centrifugal casting technology has a history of several decades and was first used to produce military products such as artillery shells. With the continuous development of vertical centrifugal casting technology, it has been widely used in civil fields. Researchers have sought to improve the vertical centrifugal casting process to increase production efficiency, reduce costs, reduce scrap rates and improve product quality. In this paper, the research progress in vertical centrifugal casting technology at home and abroad in recent years is summarized in three aspects: key technology, numerical simulation and typical castings. The research results of casting metal selection, casting process design, casting mold selection and design, centrifugal casting coating and centrifugal casting machine are introduced. The applications of the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method, particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) method and inclusion movement law in numerical simulations of vertical centrifugal casting are presented. Typical casting cases of vertical centrifugal casting technology, such as bimetal composite rolls, cone section drums and large-diameter thick wall reducers, are listed.