To investigate the friction and wear characteristics of CrMo cast iron/38CrMoAlA friction pairs used in aircraft engines, a surface-to-surface contact friction pair model was established using ANSYS finite element software. Transient wear friction thermal coupling simulation analysis was carried out to elucidate the evolution law of the wear performance of the friction pairs. Simulation calculations reveals that the outer diameter side temperature and volume wear of the static ring CrMo cast iron friction surface are relatively high. The influence of contact pressure on frictional stress is more significant. When the contact pressure is 0.02~0.10 MPa and the friction line velocity is 10~30 m/s, the volume wear increases with increasing contact pressure and decreases with increasing friction line velocity. The calculated value of the volumetric wear rate has the same variation pattern as the experimental value, and the numerical difference is small, which indicates that the wear model can better predict the wear situation of the friction pair.