The traditional fabrication process for porous titanium has certain flaws, which results in difficulty in replicating and reproducing the structure and properties of porous titanium materials. In this study, after the annealing treatment of porous titanium, no phase transition occurs in either the porous pure titanium formed by selective laser melting(SLM) or the porous titanium with added graphene. The microstructure of the porous pure titanium transforms from a lamellar α′ phase to an equiaxed α phase, and the grain anisotropy disappears. For porous titanium with added graphene, the transformation occurs from a lamellar α′ phase to an equiaxed α phase. The formed titanium carbide is dispersed throughout the titanium matrix, and residual graphene remains in the matrix due to the low annealing temperature. The mechanical and corrosion resistance properties of both the SLM-formed porous pure titanium and porous titanium with added graphene change after heat treatment. The Vickers hardness decreases, while the compressive strength of the porous titanium with added graphene increases to 345 MPa, a rise of 9.2% compared to that of the porous titanium before heat treatment. After heat treatment, the corrosion resistance of both the composite material with added graphene and the pure titanium material without graphene decreases.