With the prominent advantages of light and high strength, the titanium matrix composites (TMCs) processes a great application potential in the key areas, such as the aerospace field. After about 40 years of researches, the research focus has been developed from continuous long fibers reinforced TMCs into discontinuous reinforced titanium matrix composites (DRTMCs). However, these works always centered on improving the ductility and toughness of TMCs. One of effective method is microstructure design, which can achieve the good combination between strength, ductility and toughness of TMCs. This paper focuses on the reviews for the microstructure configurations, the corresponding preparation methods, mechanical properties and the inadequate of TMCs, having summarized the thoughts and implementation methods of microstructure design.