Titanium alloys, which are endowed with excellent properties of low density and high strength, have broad application prospects in the field of aerospace structural components. However, traditional manufacturing methods are constrained by the intrinsic characteristics of titanium alloys, such as high melting points and low thermal conductivity, resulting in exorbitant production costs and thus limiting their large-scale application. As a mainstream metal additive manufacturing technology, selective laser melting (SLM) leverages the process advantage of layer-by-layer deposition to enable precision fabrication of complex structural components, providing an effective solution to the processing challenges of titanium alloys while promising reduced production costs and enhanced production efficiency. Nevertheless, the SLM process involves a nonequilibrium physical metallurgical process encompassing light-to-heat energy conversion and material phase transformation, where microscopic physical phenomena are difficult to observe directly. Moreover, experimental process optimization via the trial-and-error approach suffers from long cycles and high costs, whereas numerical simulation  has become a crucial means to uncover the intrinsic process mechanisms and drive the rational design of processes. Focusing on the forming process of SLM-fabricated titanium alloys, this paper comprehensively reviews the research progress in multiphysics field simulations and methodologies, defect prediction and control, and microstructure evolution simulations. The principles, advantages and applicable scenarios of different simulation methods are analysed. Finally, on the basis of an in-depth analysis of current relevant research, the numerous challenges remaining in the field of simulation studies on selective laser melting of titanium alloys are summarized, and prospects are proposed. Key words： selective laser melting; multiphysics field simulation; defect prediction and control; microstructure evolution; titanium alloys

钛合金以其卓越的轻质高强特性，成为航空航天关键结构件的理想候选材料，应用前景极为广阔。 然而，其固有的高熔点、低导热系数等特性，使得传统制造方法面临高昂成本瓶颈，严重制约了规模化工程应用。 选区激光熔化(selective laser melting, SLM)作为主流的金属增材制造技术，凭借逐层叠加的工艺优势，可实现复杂结构件的精细加工，为解决钛合金加工难题提供了有效途径，有望降低生产成本、提升生产效率。 但 SLM 过程是涉及光能-热能转换及材料物态变化的非平衡物理冶金过程，其微观尺度的复杂物理现象难以直接原位观测，而过度依赖实验试错优化工艺，周期冗长且成本高昂。 因此，数值模拟技术已成为揭示 SLM 工艺内在机理、驱动工艺理性设计的关键手段。 本文围绕 SLM钛合金成形过程，重点综述了多物理场模拟及方法、缺陷预测及控制、微观组织演化模拟的相关研究进展，分析了不同模拟方法的原理、优势及适用场景。 最后，基于对当前相关研究的深入分析，总结了当前 SLM 钛合金模拟研究领域仍面临的诸多挑战，并进行了展望。