多主元合金凭借高混合熵、晶格畸变及多元协同效应，突破了传统单主元合金的设计范式，在强度、塑性与 耐蚀性方面展现出独特优势，成为高性能结构材料的重要发展方向。 本文系统梳理了多主元合金的分类、成分设计方 法、变形行为及强化机制，重点综述了室温塑性提升的主要策略，包括亚稳态结构调控、有序氧复合体强化、异质结构构 筑及调幅分解等新兴路径；同时评述了多主元合金耐蚀性研究进展，阐明了合金元素、相结构及钝化膜稳定性之间的复 杂耦合关系，提出了制备、组织调控及服役机理等亟需突破的科学问题。

Multi-principal element alloys, characterized by high configurational entropy, lattice distortion, and synergistic multi-element effects, break through the conventional single-principal alloy design paradigm and exhibit outstanding strength, ductility, and corrosion resistance, making them a promising class of high-performance structural materials. This review systematically summarizes the classification, compositional design strategies, deformation behavior, and strengthening mechanisms of multi-principal element alloys, with particular emphasis on major approaches for enhancing room-temperature ductility, including metastable structure engineering, ordered oxygen complex strengthening, heterogeneous structure design, and spinodal decomposition. The progress in corrosion resistance studies is also reviewed, elucidating the complex coupling among alloying elements, phase constitution, and the stability of the passive film. This review not only consolidates the latest advances in strengthening and corrosion resistance enhancement of multi-principal element alloys but also identifies critical scientific challenges in processing, microstructural control, and service performance.