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重型卡车铸铁制动鼓开裂失效行为的机理研究
Mechanism Research on Cracking-failure Behavior of Cast Iron Brake Drum for Heavy Truck
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- DOI:
- 作者:
- 李建1,刘鸣放2,李世杰1,张伟伟3,秦鹏鹏1,陶磊1,李福山3,*
LI Jian1, LIU Mingfang2,LI Shijie1, ZHANG Weiwei3, QIN Pengpeng1, TAO Lei1, Li Fushan3,*
- 作者单位:
- 1.中集华骏铸造有限公司,河南 驻马店 463000;2.河南省煤炭科学研究院有限公司,河南 郑州 450001;3.郑州大学,材料科学与工程学院 河南 郑州 450001
1. Zhumadian CIMC Huajun Casting Co., Ltd., Zhumadian 463000, China; 2. Henan Coal Science Research Institute Co. Ltd.,Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; 3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- 关键词:
- 车辆;重型卡车;灰铸铁;开裂失效;失效机理
Vehicle, Heavy truck, Gray cast iron, Cracking failure, Failure mechanism
- 摘要:
- 制动装置对于车辆的安全行驶起着至关重要的作用。目前,载重货车所采用的制动装置主要为灰铸铁制动鼓,当汽车在山路或坡道连续刹车行驶时,制动鼓通常会出现裂纹,影响制动效果,甚至引发交通事故。本文以中集华骏铸造有限公司生产的HT250制动鼓为研究对象,对未服役和服役失效制动鼓试样的微观组织和显微硬度进行了分析和比较。结果表明:制动鼓失效后工作面的石墨片变得粗大,且石墨与珠光体界面出现裂纹,石墨片部分有灰色相生成,而侧面的组织无明显变化。此外,失效制动鼓的硬度有所提高。灰铸铁制动鼓开裂失效行机理主要为经多次冷热循环后,石墨与基体间产生微裂纹,经扩展后导致制动鼓开裂失效。
The braking device plays a vitally important role in the safe running of vehicles. At present, most of the brake devices used in heavy trucks are gray cast iron brake drums. When the vehicle brakes continuously on mountain roads or ramp, crack initiation and growth are usually promoted on the surface of brake drum, which will attenuate the braking effect and even cause traffic accidents. In this paper, the microstructure and microhardness of original and failure HT250 brake drum produced by CIMC Huajun Casting Co., LTD were comprehensively investigated. The experimental results show that the microstructural size of graphite is increased in the working face of failure brake drum after failure. Moreover, the crack appears in the vicinity of the interface between graphite and pearlite, and the gray phase is formed in the graphite part. By contrast, the microstructure is not obviously changed in the side face of failure brake drum. Furthermore, the hardness of brake drum is enhanced after failure. It is concluded that the failure of brake drum is mainly induced by many times thermal cycling, which thus cause micro crack in the interface between graphite and pearlite and then the crack will propagate to failure.