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激光粉末床熔融稀土改性 Al-Mg 合金成形质量与力学性能研究
Forming Quality and Mechanical Properties of Rare Earth ModifiedAl-Mg Alloy Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
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- DOI:
- 作者:
- 磊，肖美立，付言飞，柯林达，徐刚好
DU Lei, XIAO Meili, FU Yanfei, KE Linda, XU Ganghao
- 作者单位:
- 上海航天精密机械研究所，上海 201600
Shanghai Spaceflight Precision Machinery Institute, Shanghai 201600, China
- 关键词:
- 激光粉末床熔融；成形质量；显微硬度；拉伸性能；Al-Mg-Sc-Zr 合金
laser powder bed fusion; forming quality; microhardness; tensile properties; Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy
- 摘要:
- 采用 激 光 粉 末 床 熔 融(laser powder bed fusion, LPBF)技术制备新型 Al-7.5Mg-0.48Sc-0.162Zr-0.48Mn 高性能铝 合 金， 系 统 分 析 了 LPBF 成形参 数 对 Al-Mg-Sc-Zr 合金致 密 度 的 影 响 规 律， 探究了热处理工艺对 LPBF 成形Al-Mg-Sc-Zr 合金力学性能的影响机理。 研究发现，LPBF 成形 Al-Mg-Sc-Zr 合金在合理激光能量密度下，其内部无微裂纹，无明显孔洞类缺陷，且致密度可达 99.8%。 过高的激光能量密度会导致合金易形成尺度较大的圆孔类缺陷，激光能量密度过低使得合金存在成不规则形状孔隙缺陷。 LPBF 成形 Al-Mg-Sc-Zr 合金显微硬度随着热处理时间的延长而提升，经 325 ℃/9 h 时效热处理之后，合金显微硬度提升至 158.7 HV0.1，相对沉积态提升了 30.3%；经 325 ℃/2 h 时效热处理之后，合金抗拉强度和断后伸长率分别为 538 MPa 和 9%，具备优异的综合力学性能。
An Al-7.5Mg-0.48Sc-0.162Zr-0.48Mn alloy was produced via laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). The mechanismof the influence of the forming process parameters on the forming quality was discussed, and the influence of the heattreatment process on the microhardness and tensile properties was revealed. The results show that the relative density of theLPBF-processed Al-Mg-Sc-Zr samples reach 99.8% at the optimized forming process parameters. With increasing energydensity, the size of the molten pool gradually increases. Excessive energy density leads to the formation of circular pores,whereas low energy density leads to the formation of irregular pores. The microhardness of the LPBF-processedAl-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy increases with increasing heat treatment time. After annealing at 325 ℃ for 9 h, the microhardnessincreases to 158.7 HV0.1, which is 30.3% greater than that of the as-built samples. After annealing at 325 ℃ for 2 h, theLPBF-processed Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy achieves excellent tensile properties, with a tensile strength of 538 MPa and elongationof 9%.