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激光熔化沉积 304 不锈钢组织及性能研究进展
Research Progress on Microstructure and Properties of 304 Stainless SteelManufactured by Laser Melting Deposition
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- DOI:
- 作者:
- 崔玮铭 1，曾禹周 1，白启恒 1，王陈昕炜 1，李 旭 1，潘成博 1，王建东 1，赵宇凡 2
CUI Weiming1, ZENG Yuzhou1, BAI Qiheng1, WANG Chenxinwei1, LI Xu1,PAN Chengbo1, WANG Jiandong1, ZHAO
- 作者单位:
- 1. 哈尔滨工程大学 材料科学与化学工程学院，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150001；2. 西北工业大学 凝固技术全国重点实验室，陕西 西安 710072
1. College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; 2. StateKey Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi 'an 710072, China
- 关键词:
- 激光熔化沉积；304 不锈钢；组织；性能；超声能场
laser melting deposition; 304 stainless steel; microstructure; properties; ultrasonic field
- 摘要:
- 近年来激光熔化沉积增材制造技术因具有成形自由度、加工效率及材料利用率高等特点，是金属材料近净成形理想的制造方法。 304 不锈钢具有良好的耐蚀性、耐热性、低温强度和机械性能，广泛应用于石油、核能、化工、航天等工业领域。 一些形状复杂，需要一体成型的 304 不锈钢零件难以用传统制造方法生产，而激光熔化沉积技术为其提供了新的途径。 本文在分析大量文献的基础上，评述了国内外激光熔化沉积 304 不锈钢的主要研究进展，分析了激光熔化沉积 304 不锈钢的微观组织特征和力学性能特点， 研究了超声能场对激光熔化沉积 304 不锈钢组织与性能的改善作用，最后指出现阶段激光熔化沉积 304 不锈钢研究工作的不足，并在创新工艺技术和完善研究内容等方面提出了展望。
In recent years, laser melting deposition (LMD) additive manufacturing technology has emerged as an idealnear-net-shaped forming method for metallic materials because of its high shaping flexibility, high processing efficiency,and excellent material utilization rate. 304 stainless steel, renowned for its superior corrosion resistance, heat resistance,low-temperature strength, and mechanical properties, is widely applied across various industrial sectors, such as petroleum,nuclear energy, chemical engineering, and aerospace. For geometrically complex 304 stainless steel components requiringmonolithic fabrication, traditional manufacturing methods often face significant challenges, whereas laser melting depositiontechnology provides a novel solution. On the basis of an extensive review of the literature, this paper summarizes majorresearch advancements in LMD of 304 stainless steel both domestically and internationally. The microstructuralcharacteristics and mechanical properties of LMD-fabricated 304 stainless steel are analysed first. The improvement effectsof the ultrasonic field on the microstructure and performance of LMD-processed 304 stainless steel are subsequentlyinvestigated. Finally, the current limitations in LMD research on 304 stainless steel are discussed, with perspectivesproposed for developing innovative process technologies and advancing comprehensive experimental studies.